July 19 200th day (201st in leap years)
 

1) 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic.

2) 1553 - Lady Jane Grey is replaced by Mary I of England as Queen of England after having that title for just nine days.

3) 1588 - Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines - The Spanish Armada sighted in the English Channel.

4) 1692 - Salem Witch Trials: Five women are hanged for witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts.

5) 1879 - Doc Holliday kills for the first time after a man shoots up Holliday's New Mexico saloon.

6) 1963 - Joe Walker flies a North American X-15 to a record altitude of 106,010 metres (347,800 feet) on X-15 Flight 90. Exceeding an altitude of 100 km, this flight qualifies as a human spaceflight under international convention.

7) 2005 - Death Valley, California registers a temperature of 53.9°C (129°F). A total of 12 days of 50°C (122°F) or higher was reported. Overnight temperatures of 37.8°C (100°F) or higher were also observed.