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Definitely hard to single it down because there are too many great inventions in too many categories to just single one out.
If you're talking humanitarian, several vaccines come to mind - eradicating plague, chicken pox as well as pasteurization and dwarf wheat. The cumuitive effect of just these has saved billons in lives.
Technologically - the transistor rates at the top of my list and I'll throw in the microchip. Both of these spawned countless other products.
I don't include electricity in my list of greatest inventions because electricity was discovered - not invented.
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