Visa & Mastercard have 6 regions each I think.
Per EACH region the card products are a bit different. Generally all "no name" and similar card products exist outside of United States of America. This is the policy of card associations due to USA recent financial policies.
So it is quite possible that in some VISA region they might be a card in existance that has no name on it or whatever. Besides an issuing bank may have it's own deal with VISA/MC.
We are generally very familiar with debit Cirrus-Maestro (MasterCard product) cards which are issued only with company name on it.
Trying to stay anonymous is not a crime. You can be 500% legit person and still You wouldnt want someone to know too much about Your funds because as long as You have money there will be a lot of people trying to steal it from You.
Swiss banks (UBS for example) have the following beautifull card product as a VISA classic credit card which not only doesn't have Your name on it but doesnt have BANK name on it as well!!! The minimum deposit for such card is 100 000 USD.
While AmEx Centurion , black AmEx has a name on it, and a credit line of half a million USD.
If You havent seen something it doesnt mean it doenst exist.