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Every Republican would have a different answer. Some people vote one issue, some vote one particular subset of the general party philosophy and some vote on a breadth of issues. These things change over time for various reasons. The Republicans promoted Reconstruction in the 1860s, The Democrats supported Civil Rights in the 1960s. Until Roosevelt, American blacks tended to support Republicans. Things change.
Today, besides the great issue of social laws there has been the issue of socialism. Though Democrats largely consider Republicans too intrusive on issues of social mores, Republicans - for the most part - consider Democrats too intrusive on issues of social government
(too much welfare, too much business regulation, affirmative action, minimum wages and so on).
Taxes, interestingly, are another issue that has gone back and forth between the parties. Two of the biggest tax cuts in history were by Kennedy and Reagan.
More taxes is a way to bigger government and this has offended many Republicans - though with Bush, we have seen that more borrowing is a way to bigger government and this was also true under Reagan. What Republicans really mean by smaller government is less social support .
Amusingly, Clinton's years in office saw government grow at a slower rate than either of the administrations that bookended him who both promised smaller government. No matter what promises or by whom - the only shrinkages in government in the past 80 years came at the beginning of the Great Depression and at the end of the Second Great War. Both of the major US parties have done nothing but increase spending. Maybe the best one who believes in smaller government can hope for is proportional increases in government spending. This has pretty much been the case. Government spending as a proportion of GDP was 21% in 1976. It was 19% in 2003.
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